Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Also referred to as ADHD Also referred to as ADD
"[A] behavioral syndrome characterized by inattention and distractibility, restlessness, inability to sit still, and difficulty concentrating on one thing for any period of time. ADHD most commonly occurs in children, though an increasing number of adults are being diagnosed with the disorder. ADHD is three times more common in males than in females and occurs in approximately 3 to 6 percent of all children." - Encyclopædia Britannica
Thought to be a neurological disorder, ADHD is an illness that manifests itself during childhood and essentially makes the patient in question jittery and hyperactive, manifesting itself in forgetfulness, impulsiveness and a distractive personality. At this time, there is no known cure and the illness is seen as a chronic one; it affects around 4% of the population.
Psychotherapy is the primary means of treatment for this particular condition, where cognitive behavioural therapy is the most popular at the time of writing. Additionally, psychiatric drugs may be prescribed, namely stimulants such as Ritalin®